Related Literature Thesis Essay

Dynamic The Online Enrolment System was proposed in substitution of the Manual Enrolment System of the establishment for it to have a sorted out progression of exchange and a simplicity of work particularly to the executives of Cavite Maritime Institute. The examination is worried on how the manual enrolment performs all through the company’s exchange. The various exchanges that the manual framework covers, for example, refreshing and including understudy records, creating the prompting and appraisal slips, and so forth are complimenting the manual enrolment framework to be wasteful for the requirements of the organization. Since the investigation includes legitimate records dealing with, following the requirements and assessment of the manual framework is fundamental. Along these lines, the defenders accumulated fundamental information that will help in the advancement of upgrading the current arrangement of CMI. By: Bacala, Mariel Reaã ±o, Esmeralda Mr. Paulino Gatpandan May 2009 Advancement OF A COMPUTERIZED ENROLLMENT SYSTEM IN A RURAL-BASED HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM ABSTRACT The motivation behind this investigation was to structure a modernized enrolment framework for a rustic based advanced education organization and to discover its worthiness as far as development plan and usefulness. The automated enrolment framework was created utilizing the product Visual Basic, an Object-Oriented Programming perception apparatus. The consequence of the investigation uncovered that the Enrolment System is â€Å"Very Acceptable† as assessed by the chose employees and staff of the school. In the light of the current discoveries and ends, the accompanying proposals are progressed, in particular, that this enrolment framework ought to be acquainted with the school; that it ought to be embraced by the school to enable the staff to discover records of understudies all the more effectively and quicker and the framework ought to be used as a model for future research, particularly for innovation or PC related research considers. Christian Le Marjo A. Caipang School of Industrial Technology, Western Visayas College of Science and Technology, Iloilo City, PHILIPPINES. www.savap.org.pk/diaries/†¦/2013(4.3-15).pdf SFU SIS ENROLLMENT SYSTEM Theoretical Presentation Our report looks at the SFU Student Information System as far as users’ objectives and practices dependent on heuristic infringement, just as ease of use testing. We explicitly centered around the enlistment procedure and furthermore, its productivity and adequacy when client is finishing an assignment obviously enlistment. To quantify these characteristics, we created two distinctive advanced models for client testing. Moreover, we applied quantitative and subjective research technique into our polls and review to gather information of our objective clients which includes SFU understudies who are in the scope of first year to senior year. Our overhauled interfaces has progressively productive assignment forms dependent on theâ quantitative information from client testing. Participants’ bits of knowledge are that one of our interface has better feel yet the other model has better usefulness. We had the option to diminish a lot of time went through on course search with our upgrades. In contrast with the present SIS, our models set aside less effort to join up with a course. Group LEADERS: YEE LOONG + BRUCE LUI NOVEMBER 29, 2012 www.sfu.ca/~janicen/doc/sis_finalreport.pdf Online understudy enlistment framework Dynamic Our Online understudy enlistment framework empowers understudies to select into their subjects preceding the initiation of their semesters. This enlistment framework not just permits universal understudies to enlist through web without venturing out to the grounds yet in addition consolidates the business rules. These business rules spread a wide scope of guidelines and strategy, for example, subject pre-imperative, student’s installment status, course coordinator’s choice and the correspondence of students’ rank to the expected enlisting subjects. Other than business manages, the framework additionally consolidates different warning components like Short Messaging Service (SMS) and Email. XML is utilized to store the business run and along these lines permit the convenientce of the framework interface to more extensive scope of gadgets, for example, Personal Device Assistant (PDA). The interface auto-identifies the user’s gadget either PC/PC or a lot littler screen gadget, for example, PDA. To put it plainly, the enlistment framework backend motor runs dependent on the business rules and front-end motor races to give high fulfillment client experience. With the business and UI, the framework can run the work process of understudy enlistment from the online enlistment structure to endorsement work process cycle running corresponding with the warning capacity.

Aristotle... Virtues and Vices essays

Aristotle... Temperances and Vices expositions 1. Aristotle What does Aristotle consider a temperance and how does this decide Aristotle believes uprightness to be greatness in satisfying specific capacities and discovering joy in it. Our excellencies are given to us during childbirth, yet we do have the ability to get and chip away at the excellencies as life goes on. The best approach to make prudence a propensity is to take in it from an early age. On the off chance that we learn and comprehend our temperances effectively they will become propensities, and we will comprehend what is acceptable and what is awful. Excellencies are likewise not sentiments, you don't simply accomplish them, however temperances are propensity. Ethics are what makes an individual demonstration great and comprehend what the person is doing. Goodness is a mean between two limits, and the particular mean relies upon the individual. Moral ethicalness is managing the sentiments and activities of ones self. It is said that you must have the correct sentiments, at the opportune time, for the privilege the thing as well as reason. On the off chance that that isn't followed and your activities don't account for themselves then it isn't ethical. It is difficult to be righteous. An individual that needs to be righteous ought to evade bad habit and furthermore recognize Ethical quality and prudence are interconnected in light of the fact that profound quality is a people thought of right also, wrong. As we probably am aware excellence is the thing that chooses what is good and bad to every single individual. In this way, profound quality is controlled by prudence. ... <!

How to Teach Plagiarism in High School

How to Teach Plagiarism in High School (0) Life keeps teaching you the same lessons until you learn them. Next year, I will have finally learned my lesson about teaching plagiarism in high school: do it early.   At the beginning of the year I’m always so excited to meet my new students and learn about their literary interests and writing skills that I forget to refresh their memories about plagiarism. I assume it’s been covered in middle school and that the rules are obvious. Yet year after year, my students teach me that this assumption is false. There are always questions about specific cases, clarifications about obscure details and shocked faces when self-plagiarism comes up. Not to mention the same inevitable confrontation with a student who didn’t realize rewording a Wikipedia article or copying and pasting “just the introduction” counts. This year, my plagiarism unit came first thing after winter break. I had closed the previous semester with an unfortunate case of plagiarism in high school and was determined to make sure it wouldn’t happen again. My favorite way to introduce the topic is through music. There are several compilation videos on YouTube with hit songs and their original samples. Before I even say the word “plagiarism,” I tell my students we’re going to listen to some old songs and that their job is to guess which modern song sampled the oldie. They get really into the game and the music buffs are able to show off their knowledge. (It’s also a great way to get to know the musical tastes of the class.) After a few minutes of this, I switch videos to the final round: a song that has gotten an artist in legal trouble for violating copyright laws. I chose a top ten pop hit from 2014 compared to an 80s classic rock song with a similar melody for this years final round. I told the students that the final round is more difficult because only one aspect of the song was allegedly copied. Many students were stumped, as they didn’t think the songs were that similar. This led right into a discussion about music plagiarism, a subject of interest to many students, that touched on many points that directly relate to plagiarism in high school. For example, one student asked, “If they have permission from the original artist, isn’t sampling allowed?” Another added, “They have to put their name in the credits.” Finally, after this long introduction, the students are ready to discuss plagiarism. If you don’t hook them in the beginning, they will shut down as soon as you say the “p-word.” I present statistics about copying and plagiarism so students feel more comfortable talking openly, knowing that it’s a widespread issue. I emphasize the fact that being proactive and informed are the best ways to avoid the dreaded “zero with no possibility of make-up,” the typical minimum consequence for plagiarism in high school. I also stress that among the types of plagiarism (direct, self, and mosaic), there is also accidental plagiarism. Students must understand that even if accidental, these cases carry all the same consequences as intentional plagiarism. The most important skills to teach for avoiding accidental plagiarism are proper quoting, summarizing, and paraphrasing with parenthetical or in text citations. A common misconception is that it’s not necessary to cite if you paraphrase or summarize. Many students believe rewording someone else’s article still counts as original work. This connects back to the music discussion, since taking someone else’s idea for a melody can be considered a copyright violation. We spend several days practicing quoting, summarizing and paraphrasing example paragraphs. This may seem juvenile for high school, but these skills need to be constantly reinforced in every grade level with increasing difficulty. During these exercises, students make a habit of consistently citing sources. I teach my students to use EasyBib correctly to make accurate citations. It’s always amusing to me that some students complain about citing sources when it is made so easy for them. Back in my day, we had to create citations from scratch by finding all the information ourselves. Now, with one click, you can switch between MLA style, APA style or even Chicago style format. The only reason I need to go over these sites with my classes (instead of just telling the kids to use them) is that they need to be reminded not to just click through the steps without looking at the information being pulled. When the algorithms can’t see a piece of information that is available, it’s the student’s job to fill that in. When a full citation looks particularly sparse, I usually review the site myself to make sure the student did the same. If an author or publication date is missing from the citation, I use it as a “teachable moment” to show the student why they need to use their own brain in addition to the online tool. Having the plagiarism talk early and clearing up misconceptions is often the best way to make sure your students are producing high-quality, original work they can be proud of. Plagiarism in high school is one thing I am very serious about because if I’m not, I know it will cost them much more in their future education or career.

The Ugly Truth About Football - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1238 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/04/01 Category Society Essay Level High school Topics: Truth Essay Did you like this example? Football is one of Americas favorite past time. We love seeing colossal men knocking the crap out of each other every Sunday during the fall. But with every hit, it can lead to a concussion. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Ugly Truth About Football" essay for you Create order A concussion is a brain injury that may be caused by a blow to the head, face, neck or elsewhere on the body with an impulsive force transmitted to the head (2016 And 2017 Ncaa Football Rules and Interpretations FR-113) [2]. I personally played sports in High School and luckily never got a concussion, but some of my friends did. When talking to them they seemed to be different. Maybe their head hurts or that they are upset that they could not practice at all. Some of my friends quit their sport because of their concussion. That made me wonder, should changes be made to make sports safer? Organizations like the National Collegiate Athletic Association or the National Football League must make changes in regulations to protect athletes from a concussion. Paul S. Auerbach in his January 20, 2018, Wall Street Journal titled How to Save Football Players Brains, said During a high-school season, one study finds, nearly 1 in 5 players on any given team will suffer a concussion. [1]. That is crazy. But who do we blame for it? The leagues are to blame for this. Theres one area outside the NCAAs purview that deserves a good public hearing the distribution of hundreds of millions of dollars generated by the College Football Playoff (Duncan and Rolle) [2]. If the College Football Playoff can generate this money, a good portion of it should be devoted towards research and programs that deal with concussions. What is hard to understand is how the NCAA devotes resources to these national challenges, using money generated by its March Madness basketball tournament, but the College Football Playoff does not (Duncan and Rolle) [4]. The College Football Playoff does not like being told what to do by others. Over the past year, the Knight Commission h as urged the College Football Playoff board of managers to adopt these two changes, but the CFP has rejected our recommendations (Duncan and Rolle) [2]. The Knight Commission is a board of people who make sure that student-athletes are getting their education, but how can they when every time a football gets hit and gets a concussion? The CFP is to blame for not giving the students athletes proper resources and preventions against concussions. In recent events, chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), has been linked to football players who have received trauma to the head multiple times. CTE is a bit of gray area but it has been proven to cause death. Twenty-one-year-old Tyler Hilinski, a quarterback at Washington State, developed early stages of CTE and took his own life in January 2018. When the autopsy came back it showed that he had a brain of a sixty-five-year-old (Auerbach) [3]. This is very interesting because usually, the quarterback does not receive contact as often when comparing by positions. His parents say their son did not have a history of concussions or head trauma, though he did take a hit against Arizona last season that rocked him (Auerbach) [2]. While this statement may be true, athletes have spoken said that they have hidden their concussions. Howard Fendrich, in his December 26, 2011, Miami Herald article titled Some NFL Players Still Willing to Hide Concussions, quotes Mike Sellers about NFL players hiding concussions: You want to continue to play. Youre a competitor. Youre not going to tell on yourself. There have been times Ive been dinged, and theyve taken my helmet from me, and Id snatch my helmet back and get back on the field, A lot of guys wouldnt say anything because a lot of guys wouldnt think anything during the game, until afterward when they have a headache or they cant remember certain things [1]. Parents should be aware of the possibilities of their child playing football and know the symptoms of concussion to protect them no matter what age they are. While so football has been known to possibly cause serious conditions in the players future, there are positive of playing football. From personal experience, football taught me important life skills like teamwork, responsibilities, and discipline. I am not saying that the benefits outweigh the risk but these are necessary life skills to learn. Government officials like Florida Senator Marco Rubio have noted the dangers of children playing football but then said this, You know what else comes with some risk? Life (Belson) [4]. Every day people take risk and people who play football are risking their future health every day. The athletes who play football could be placed in a better position to protect themselves from concussions, but the changes will be a dramatic game changer. Tackling should only take place at the middle school level or higher (Auerbach) [3]. Its had been proven that with every tackle delivered or received that the brain is deteriorating. These children are the future of America and if they get seriously injured their lives would be changed forever. At the high school level and below practices should not have live tackling session. This will help a significant amount since, in practice, teams can learn the fundamentals of safe tackling and not have their players own teammate be the cause of a concussion. This not saying the game should not have to tackle at all, it is saying how should be no tackling at all during practice. If a player is tackled and their head hits the ground first, they should be taken out of the next play to be evaluated by an athletic trainer to make sure that the y have sustained no injury. This may make the game longer, but it is for the safety of the players. With these possible changes that could take place, it can make the game of football a little bit safer. The bottom line is that change needs to be made. It first starts off with organizations like the College Football Playoff use a part of their revenue to do some research dealing with players safety towards concussion. Then Parents need to be notified on how letting their child play football can be a huge risk in their future. Lastly, the change needs to be implemented and enforce to make sure that the children are playing at the safest level possible. While football may have an abundant amount of dangers its benefits are not to be taken lightly by children important life skills. These young children do not want to stop playing football, but in order for them to play, major changes need to be made to make the game safe and it starts by informing others. Works Cited 2016 And 2017 Ncaa Football Rules and Interpretations. Natl Collegiate Ath Assn, 2016. Belson, Ken. Footballs Biggest Supporters Say Game is Safe, and Vital to the U.S. New York Times, 31 Jan. 2018, pp. B.8. SIRS Issues Researcher, https://sks-sirs-com.db20.linccweb.org. Auerbach, Paul S. How to Save Football Players Brains. Wall Street Journal, 20 Jan. 2018, pp. A.11. SIRS Issues Researcher, https://sks-sirs-com.db20.linccweb.org. Duncan, Arne, and Myron Rolle. Knight Commission Says NCAA must do More to Protect Safety.. Indianapolis Star, 04 Feb. 2018, pp. A.2. SIRS Issues Researcher, https://sks-sirs-com.db20.linccweb.org. NIH and NFL Tackle Concussion Research. NIH News Release, 16 Dec. 2013. SIRS Government Reporter, https://sks-sirs-com.db20.linccweb.org. Fendrich, Howard. Some NFL Players Still Willing to Hide Concussions. Miami Herald, 26 Dec. 2011. SIRS Issues Researcher, https://sks-sirs-com.db20.linccweb.org.

Mandatory School Uniforms For Public Schools - 2112 Words

The loss of freedom of expression, wasting of money, and the opposition of most students for no true benefits is what mandatory school uniforms in public schools enforce. They take away the choice for young adults to express themselves through clothing styles. Uniforms are also costly due to not initially owning them, then the children not wishing to wear them or even being able to wear them outside of school grounds. These aspects are enforced because the administration believes it will benefit the students, but studies show otherwise. The use of mandatory school uniforms is not a progressive or useful direction for public schools to go in and messes with the idea of free education, children’s expectations, and does not prove to have any true benefits. Most of the time when uniforms are enforced it is a color scheme, typically relating to the school’s colors, and involves collared or polo shirts and slacks of some sort. These items are not usually what a child would run and pick out, so more likely than not you are going to have to buy a new wardrobe just for school. That is what I had to do my last year of middle school when they switched to uniforms. For one year of school I had to buy black, maroon and grey polo or collared shirts and black or navy blue pants with no tears. I wore these items only during school and for that one year, after that I never wore them again. After that there was no use for them. Even if my high school enforced uniforms the maroon would notShow MoreRelatedEssay on Mandatory Uniforms in Public Schools2537 Words   |  11 PagesMandatory Uniforms in Public Schools Do you want equality among students in your childs school? Do you want less violence within your childs school? Would you like your daughter to concentrate more on her schoolwork and less on what name brand jeans she is wearing? All this is possible with mandatory uniform policies in public school districts. School uniforms may seem outdated for some people, but in many cases they can improve school spirit, attendance and student behavior. AccordingRead More Against Mandatory School Uniforms in Public School Essay4389 Words   |  18 Pagesseven-year-old child up from school. He is crying and wearing a different outfit than the one he wore to school. This is naturally upsetting but not as upsetting as your next discovery. His shirt, one you have never seen before, has a large L written on the sleeve in permanent marker; his shorts, also not his, are too large, stained and faded. Upon questioning your child, you discover that, despite your best efforts at compliance, your child ’s clothing has violated the school’s uniform policy. Neither youRead More Mandatory Public School Uniforms are a Good Thing Essay1419 Words   |  6 Pagespants, pajamas, and even spandex shorts in school even though there have been policies about dress codes. Teachers, parents, and other adults feel disgruntled about the way they dress. Many students also complain about difficulties in concentrating on schoolwork because of the same reason. Obviously, what students wear to school has become a very distracting issue in the school environment. Therefore, school uniforms should be required in public schools due to many reasons. There have been manyRead MoreShould Public School System Be Mandatory Uniform Policy?1869 Words   |  8 Pages School Uniforms Sarah Chaudhry SOC 1020-090 University of Utah Fall 2015 â€Æ' Abstract: Unfortunately, public school has become less about education and more about being fashion forward. As a society, there is definitely a higher tendency for people to judge a person’s entire personality solely on what and how they are dressed. The desire to have the latest trending clothes is in far greater demand than to have the highest grades. As a result many issues such as vandalism, bullying, sexual harassmentRead MoreSchool Uniforms939 Words   |  4 Pagesover mandatory school uniforms is a raging topic in our country. Proponents of school uniforms conclude that there are many potential benefits to mandatory school uniforms, while opponents heartily challenge their claims. Potential benefits include: socioeconomic equalization, reduction in student violence and theft, restriction of gang activity, and improved focus in classrooms. Although these benefits would vastly improve our public education system, there is no clear evidence that school uniformsRead MoreSchool Uni forms1566 Words   |  7 Pagesfor School Uniforms A safe and structured learning environment is the first requirement of a good school. Children who feel safe and secure will better learn basic American values. In return they will learn the basis of good citizenship and become better students. In response to growing levels of violence in our schools, many parents, teachers, and school officials have been forced to look toward school uniforms as one potentially positive way to reduce discipline problems and increase school safetyRead MoreThe Correlation Between School Uniforms and Violence Essay1243 Words   |  5 PagesIs the absence of school uniforms leading to an up rise of violence between children in public schools? According to the National School Safety Center’s Report on School Associated Violent Deaths, â€Å"Since the 1992-1993 school year, two-hundred seven were shooting victims† (Kelly n pag). According to the U.S. Department of Education’s National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), â€Å"10% of all public schools had one or more serious violent crimes (murder, rape, sexual battery, suicide, physical attackRead MoreBenefits Of A Uniformed School Day1550 Words   |  7 PagesA Uniformed School Day Uniforms have been a key element in promoting a successful, safe and unified establishment. Those successful establishments could possibly include a private high school, a sporting team, or even a business. Typically, private schools enforce the policy that a uniform most be worn by all enrolled students. But why hasn’t the majority of traditional public schools, developed uniform policies? Benefits of uniforms within schools may include, students feeling more professionalRead MoreSchool Uniforms And The School Uniform Policy964 Words   |  4 Pageslearning-oriented schools for their children. In 1996, President Bill Clinton challenged schools that â€Å" †¦ if it means that teenagers will stop killing each other over designer jackets, then our public schools should be able to require their students to wear school uniforms.† (Boutelle 36). As a result, the Manual on School Uniforms was issued by the government to provide guidelines for those considering establi shing a school uniform policy. Ever since, proponents and opponents of mandated school uniforms haveRead MoreUniforms are One Less Distraction696 Words   |  3 Pages At first glance, fashion might seem to have very little to do with learning, but as the saying goes, â€Å"The clothes make the man,† or in this case â€Å"The clothes makes the student†Ã¢â‚¬â€ school uniform policies seemed to have made the difference in many schools throughout the world. Over the last decade, the implementation of such policy has been on the rise, bringing about waves of debate among students, parents and teachers. Today, more than ever before, the role of a teacher has become much more complex

Chief Sitting Bull Free Essays

Loughmiller 1 Austin Loughmiller Davis Research Paper 15 April 2011 Chief Sitting Bull Strong Hearted and Brave â€Å"I wish it to be remembered that I was the last man of my tribe to surrender my rifle. † Chief Sitting Bull is one of the most well known Native Americans to this day. He was known for fighting bravely for his people. We will write a custom essay sample on Chief Sitting Bull or any similar topic only for you Order Now He died while fighting off white soldiers that were forcing Chief Sitting Bull and his tribe of their own land. Chief Sitting Bull had a life that many people today would try to run from. Although the exact date of his birthday is not known, many speculate that it was from the years 1831 to 1837 (Notable Native Americans). Chief Sitting Bull first distinguished himself as a warrior at fourteen years old (Notable Native Americans). Now fourteen year olds are not allowed to fight in the armed forces but it was encouraged for a teenager to become a warrior for their tribe back then. Sitting Bull fought during the conflicts of the late nineteenth century when the Sioux were constantly resisting white soldiers (Notable Native Americans). Sitting Bull was constantly fighting to protect the land that he and his tribe lived on. Sitting Bull died while fighting for his tribe on December 15, 1890. Sitting Bull is arguably the best-known Indian in American History (Notable Native Americans). Chief Sitting Bull’s whole life was dedicated to being a warrior and as a result he was involved in more wars than the average person today. By 1856, Sitting Bull was on of the sash wearers of the Hunkpapa’s Strong Heart warrior society (Notable Native Loughmiller 2 Americans). When Sitting Bull became the chief of his tribe he was constantly leading his warriors into battles against white soldiers. Sitting Bull’s first altercation with white soldiers occurred in June 1863 (â€Å"Sitting Bull†). Sitting Bull was aiding the Santee Sioux against the white soldiers’ retaliation after the â€Å"Minnesota Massacre. † After aiding the Santee Sioux Sitting Bull was named leader of the Strong Hearts and he became the cofounder of the elite Midnight Strong Hearts (Notable Native Americans). He became the leader of the Strong Hearts after receiving a bullet wound which left him with a permanent limp. Although Sitting Bull was a brave soldier what he did on the battlefield is not the only reason he is remembered. Chief Sitting Bull is widely known today for his resistance against white soldiers. His perhaps mostly remembered for his leadership during the Battle of Little Big Horn (Notable Native Americans). Sitting Bull led warriors to fight off General George Custer when he unsuccessfully attacked a large group of Native Americans gathered to resist white domination. Sitting Bull was known by the public through his appearances on Buffalo Bill Cody’s Wild West Show and for his refusal to sign treaties (Notable Native Americans). Sitting Bull never signed a treaty that the American Government offered him. Sitting Bull was killed during his arrest by government officials for supporting the Ghost Dance Movement. They began thinking the Ghost Dance was harmful to themselves and shot Sitting Bull for not stopping it. The death of Sitting Bull led to the Wounded Knee Massacre which killed 153 Lakota Sioux. Sitting Bull was just trying to protect his own people by refusing to sign the treaties that the white soldiers offered him. How to cite Chief Sitting Bull, Papers

Power Leads to Corruption free essay sample

Corruption is when people in positions of entrusted power abuse their power for their own personal gains [or to fulfill the agendas of the group they represent]† (Transparency International). Lord Acton, a nineteenth century historian, argued that power is the root cause of corruption. The more power one has, the more corrupt one is likely to become (Biography of Lord Acton. ). Although some commentators argue that there is no correlation between power and corruption, however Lord Acton was right because power makes individuals egocentric, makes the powerful less sympathetic towards those who are inferior, and makes a person hypocrite. First of all, power is such a tool that it makes individuals egocentric. The standard of living brought by power for its bearer is hard to quit. Most of the time powerful individuals enjoy pleasures of life which are the by-product of the power they hold and to enjoy the same pleasures of life, powerful individuals use measures and policies which benefit only the powerful people. We will write a custom essay sample on Power Leads to Corruption or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For example, the budget of President House in Pakistan was set at Rs. 482. 63 million for the fiscal year 2011-2012. President Asif Ali Zardari’s salary was Rs. 1 million. Besides other expenses, entertainment and gifts allowances were set at Rs. 15. 8 million. Rs. 24. 63 million were apportioned just for the conveyance and motor car expenses of the Prime Minister’s Secretariat and that is covers only 2. 08% of the total budget of Prime Minister’s Secretariat i. e. Rs. 1. 18 billion (Ali, Kalbe. Areas That Matter Most. ). These statistics shows that the life enjoyed by powerful politicians and rulers is beyond the scope of an ordinary person, principally because of the income that is generated due to position of authority. So after coming into power these individuals try to make money which would ensure the same living standard once they lose their power. The policies they formulate are for their own interest and not for the people they represent. Whatever they g ain because of their policies is at the cost of citizens. Referring back to the budget of Pakistan for the fiscal year 2011-2012, the powerful individuals who were the architect of the budget did not consider the efficient management of national resources when they were the concerned party. They instead increased their own budgets as compared to the last budget and all of this was at the cost of low subsidies on essential food items, electricity and other the necessities of life (Ali, Kalbe. Areas That Matter Most. ). Hence a logical conclusion that follows is that powerful individuals use their power for their personal gains and are not concerned about the effect of their doings on the society. Another major reason because of which power tends to corrupt is that people with absolute power usually become less sympathetic towards those with no or less power and do not consider the perspective of other individuals. Adam Galinsky, a psychologist at Northwestern University conducted a series of experiments to find whether powerful individual give importance to others or not. As part of the experiment, Galinsky asked the participants to write letter ‘E’ on their forehead. The results of the experiment showed that participant who were primed with the feeling of power wrote ‘E’ backward, when seen by another person (Lehrer, Jonah. How Power Corrupts. ). This experiment clearly shows how powerful individuals see the world through their own eyes and do not care for what other view. Besides this, example from history also proves the point that powerful individuals do not show sympathy towards less powerful people. For instance, Adolf Hitler is just one of many powerful individuals who showed no sympathy and mercy to those who were subject of his hate. Hitler believed in theory of Charles Darwin and the notion of survival of the fittest. For him Jews were the mistake of the nature and through his massive genocide he was attempting to correct that mistake. Therefore, to conclude, power gives a person a sense of superiority over other individuals because of which the person does not give importance to what others think or believe. As a result powerful individuals use their power to force their decision upon people, even if people are against that decision, and hence powerful individual are not sympathetic towards others. On the other hand however, people deny the fact that power leads to corruption because they think that one’s moral and ethical standards determine whether the power one have will be abused or not. They argue that if a person has high moral and ethical standards then the extent of power does not matter as that power will always be used for the welfare of others and the person will not be motivated by personal motives. The example often quoted by such people is of Abraham Lincoln. They claim that Lincoln was a man with high moral standards because he was against slavery throughout his life and he used his power to abolish slavery. However they fail to recognize that ethical and moral standards are culturally defined. What is acceptable in one culture may not necessarily be acceptable in other cultures. Slavery is just one example of differences between cultural standards. Although slavery is not acceptable in many societies, but this does not eliminate the possibilities of its acceptance in others. During Lincoln’s time slavery was the cultural identity of South America (Blankenship, Jason. Causes Effects: Beginning of the Civil War, 1861. ). Thus by abolishing slavery throughout America, Lincoln gave his own motives, i. e. personal hatred for slavery priority over the norms of South America. He used his power to suppress the people who were dependent on slaves for their income. If Lincoln had not been the corrupt man then he would have not used his power to enforce his judgment upon the people of South America. Therefore, it is evident that since moral standards are defined in a cultural context, one cannot conclude that if the person with power has high ethical standards then he/she will not be corrupt. Furthermore, power also has the ability to make its holder hypocrite. Before coming in power, individual make great claims to do work for the benefit of the people but once such power greedy individual gain power, they tend to forget all of their promises. It seems that they never made any promise to do good for the people. Military rulers in Pakistan are a clear example of how individuals become hypocrite because of power. In Pakistan there have been several military rulers who after taking over the power from civilian government promised to have election within ninety days. However, none of them actually organized election within the given time frame. Ayub Khan ruled for eleven years, Yahya Khan stayed for two years, Zia-ul-Haq headed the country for eleven years and Pervez Musharraf for nine years. These military rulers dismissed democratically elected governments and were supposed to help stabilize the conditions of the country which they did not. The power they acquired as a consequence of the Martial Law, made them forget what their initial purpose must have been. Instead of steering Pakistan towards stability, they became obsessed with their power, and chose to ignore the real purpose of their power. This hypocritical behavior of these men led to the corruption that took place during their respective regimes. Hence, by acquiring power, the hypocritical attributes are inculcated in the powerful that result in the corruption that follows. To sum up Lord Acton’s claim, it is clearly evident that power indeed is a major reason for the corruptive measures practiced by the powerful. Those who are bestowed with absolute power, tend to feel that it is their right to have it. As a consequence, they may become heedless towards their subjects, self-centered in their intentions and actions, and shallow from the inside. These personality traits of the one with absolute power result in the corruptive mindset and practices of these people. Therefore, absolute power is succeeded by absolute corruption on part of the ones who have acquired such power.